Water vapor injection, which has been used successfully for over 65 years to increase horsepower, has also been proven to reduce nitrous oxide emissions. Nitrous oxide, N2O, (commonly known as NOX) emissions are associated with the combustion of fossil fuels. Nitrous oxide is a major greenhouse gas. Nitrous oxide has two hundred and ninety six times more impact on global warming than the same unit mass amount of carbon dioxide (CO2).
Wet scrubbers, spray scrubbers and spray tower scrubbers are three of the many pollution control devices that use water, and other liquids, to remove pollutants from industrial smokestack industries. Water vapor injection works in a similar manner, when introduced as part of the fuel load (fuel and air mixture) in an internal combustion engine.
Water vapor reduces the parts per million in a vehicle's exhaust, makes particulates heavier, which keeps them from being as likely to drift into the upper atmosphere, and can destroy pollutants when water is turned to steam in the combustion chamber and exhaust system. A combination of forces using a form of nuclear transmutation, high temperature, water (steam) and pollutants, can create different chemical components by realigning the atomic structure of the pollutant.
Water injection has been used for decades to boost horsepower through increased efficiency. Increased efficiency using water vapor injection not only boosts horsepower, it also prolongs the burn time (flame propagation) in the combustion chamber similar to a higher octane rating. Water vapor injection effectively increases octane ratings without having to pay a higher price at the pump.
Thirty percent increase in either MPG or horsepower are not unheard of using a simple water vapor injection system that can be built with common hand tools, a drill, drill bit and pipe tap.
An easily verifiable fact is that sixty to eighty percent of the fuel that goes into the internal combustion engine is there to cool internal engine parts. That means that only twenty to forty percent of the fuel is used to power the vehicle. If the cooling can be accomplished with water vapor, and water is two hundred times more efficient at cooling that gasoline, even if no increases in horsepower were realized, which is not the case, it's possible to directly gain the MPG increments that are offset when replacing a specific amount of fuel with a similar amount of cooling capability using water, and without doing damage to internal engine parts.
The problem with most systems is they lean out the mixture, thus reducing the necessary cooling effect obtained from the fuel, and overheating of internal engine parts is the result.